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Coverage of the Bahá’í Faith in the inland southern Coastal Plain of North Carolina

From Bahaipedia

This is a review of the coverage of the Bahá'í Faith in the southern coastal plain of North Carolina, as a complement of The Sadgwars, the Bahá'í Faith and Wilmington, NC, and other regions of the state. The inland areas have gathered a fair amount of coverage, if fragmented across a couple sources over a couple periods of time. It begins with mention of Dorothy Beecher Baker who made a trip through the region in late 1941/early 1942 and she tells an anedote of visiting the college at Pembroke. Nearly a decade would pass before the next mention but from the 1970s through the 1980s and into the early 1990s available sources, which are less available since the 1980s, cover a variety of commentary about the Faith and Bahá'ís. Most of the coverage centers around Carolyn B. McCormick who came as a family practitioner doctor to the area in 1974 with a variety of motivations including homefront pioneering and serving the Lumbee Indian people. Next there is the activity at Pembroke University especially when Bahá'ís held their Summer Schools there several years and local notable Lew Barton appeared in a number of race unity events and was enthusiastic about the connections between Indian religion and the Bahá'í Faith. Indeed several trips and articles connecting Lew Barton, the Bahá'í Faith, and Baltimore appeared. In the mean time McCormick re-appeared in several articles in The Robesonian which took some criticism for the coverage. In 2011 a student of religions ran a blog reviewing religions as a believer in each one profiled the experience - for the Bahá'í Faith he had McCormick as a "mentor" (his own term.) McCormick continues to serve as a medical doctor in the region.

Early history[edit]

A touch of pre-history is the fact that later-Bahá'í Frederick Sadgwar ventured into the east of the region shortly after the Civil War. A year after being wed and attending a university for two years, and the same year as their first child, Frederick Sadgwar was threatened in Whiteville, Columbus County, for running a school[1] in the next major town some 50 miles west of Wilmington and east of Lumberton.

Threats against Frederick Sadgwar

Specific to this area of North Carolina, it seems so far that Dorothy Beecher Baker made the first trip into this region as a Bahá'í, at least so far documented. Bahá'ís had been to other places in the state and passed through this area, such as to and from Wilmington and was shortly before Louise H. and Joseph J. Sawyer encountered the Faith in Greensboro via Ruth Moffett; it might be that Baker's stop in Lumberton was the first though Louis Gregory went many places earlier. We only have brief statements about Baker's visit and only a region of time to frame when it happened. Baker was traveling for the Race Amity Committee on a trip including North Carolina after November, 1941.[2] Baker shared an anecdote about the stop in February 1942 which was published in Bahá'í World volume 9:

“The talented head of the Indian Normal College at Pembroke, where no speaking appointment had previously been made, said after scanning 'The Pattern,' (ed:"The Pattern for Future Society") that if necessary, classes could be disbanded to hear this subject. As a matter of fact, a tuberculosis clinic of some importance was actually postponed the following Monday because this day was the only one that could be offered."[3]

No report in newspapers yet identified have these events - the postponement of a tuberculosis clinic in order to hear Baker's presentation or the presentation itself. From another article we know Baker's talk is near the middle in her presumably chronological list of places she talked at.[4] She started in western NC north of Asheville at Mars Hill College, then traveled south west to "Cherokee Indian School", on the Cherokee Reservation, and then two locations between and south of those two - Brevard College, and Western Carolina Teachers College in Cullowhee. Then she traveled north east past Asheville to the Appalachian State Teachers College(today UNC @ Boone.) Then she leaped past the middle of the state to the lower coastal plain where Flora MacDonald College was in Red Springs, then added a stop for the Indian State Normal College(today UNC @ Pempbroke.) From there she headed north to the then named State College for Negroes(today, HBCU NCCU), in Durham, and then spoke at a series of colleges in and around Greensboro: HBCU A&T College, HBCU Alice Freeman Palmer Institute, HBCU Bennett College, and Guilford College. By January 1942 Baker was in Tennessee,[5] Mississippi,[6] Alabama,[7] and back to Tennessee mid-February.[8] With her 34 places, starting in Kentucky and by January 15 in Tennessee, she was averaging about 4 talks a week counting from mid-November to mid-January. That puts here at Pembroke about the second week of December very roughly. The Attack on Pearl Harbor would be fresh in people's minds since the declaration of War came Monday December 8. Nor can we expand on what happened at Pembroke much. The school was more fully named Cherokee Indian Normal School at the time.[9] The "talented head" would have been Owens Hand Browne[10][11] who was president 1940–1942[12] and the institution had just achieved status as a college according to Wikipedia. Browne was elected from the staff of the school after the proceeding president resigned,[13] and called Acting Superintendent (1940‑1941) and then Acting President (1941‑1942). He had earned a Bachelor of Science degree from North Carolina State College (today NCState) and a Doctorate from Johns Hopkins University.[14] In 1939 Mrs O. H. Browne served in a local Bible Vacation School's primary department,[15] and was a member of the local Woman's Missionary Society in December 1941.[16] There was a call to emphasize the practical arts at the school in March 1942 as it would serve most students.[17] See discussions of Booker T. Washington vs W. E. B. DuBois.[18] Browne died in Raleigh in 1996.[10]

The first public local mention of the Bahá'í Faith so far identified is when Mr. and Mrs. L. Paul Harris visited Mr. and Mrs. D. G. McCormick in Lumberton in February 1950.[19] Mrs. D. G. McCormick was superintendent of the Presbyterian Vacation Church School,[20] and the McCormicks aided raising and planning the use of new church buildings for the First Presbyterian Church in 1949.[21] Wildlife in North Carolina did a story on the East Lumberton School exhibition including Mrs. D. G. McCormick’s second grade class in 1950.[22] IN 1950 Mrs. D. G. McCormick was also part of Women of the First Presbyterian,[23] and secretary of the Lumberton Community Concert Association,[24] which was soon called the Robeson Concert Association.[25]

It would be more than a decade later for the next mention of the religion. A Laurinburg newspaper was noted mentioning Dizzy Gillespie and his link with the Faith in later spring 1968.[26] As a national figure he was occasionally in the news.[27] Dizzy had attended the Laurinburg Institute some years in the early 1930s.[28]

Lumberton and Laurinburg were among the list of goal cities for Bahá'ís, along with Wilmington, in 1968,[29] 1969,[30] though in a few years some Bahá'ís would be noted as dying in the area. Their story of encountering the Faith and joining the rolls remain to be documented.

1970s[edit]

In September 1971 Roosevelt Smith was noted died in the Lumberton area in Bahá'í records[31] and is buried in Elizabeth Heights Cemetery.[32] Dewitt McKinley is mentioned next in May in 1970 from Alaska reaching out to his mother,[33] and had been a delegate to the Bahá'í world convention to elect the Universal House of Justice and pilgrimage after encountering the religion; his family was in Lumberton and Dillon.[34] (Alaska had formed its own national assembly in 1957.)[35]

James Ford was noted died by May 1973 in Lumberton,[36] the same year where in a few weeks an AP story published locally profiled Seals & Crofts and their Bahá'í connections.[37]

Cathleen Steer was noted died by August 1974 in Laurinburg.[38]

Carolyn Brumm was hired as doctor and director of the new Family Health Center in October, 1974.[39] She was a native of Emmetsburg, Iowa, where she finished high school and was daughter of Mrs. Carol J. Brumm and the late Henry J. Brumm.[40] She had graduated from the University of Iowa in Des Moines with a Bachelor of Arts,[41] in zoology as part of a premed program[42] in 1968 and gone on to medical school along with two sisters.[43] Their father had died while Brumm was in her senior year.[42] Brumm remembers her graduating class having 5 women out of 150.[42] Brumm went on to her doctor's internship at the Broadlawns Polk County Hospital in Des Moines in 1972.[44] It is not said when Brumm encountered and joined the religion. She might have encountered the television show on CBS Lamp Unto My Feet in June 1968.[45] There was also a large article in the Des Moines newspaper on race issues from 1968[46] - a topic Brumm would address in later days. Planning for the Health Center in Lumberton began circa 1971 from area citizens from three towns and applied for a federal program to set up a health center. Brumm was interested in working with American Indians and the area and called the program granter about the opportunity. She moved in November.[47] She spoke at a Ruritan Association meeting in December,[48] and hired Mattie Fulmore as a Licenced Practical Nurse, Mrs. Thomas Newton as medical technician, Mrs. William A. Cole as receptionist and office work. The Board of the Family Health Center was Claude Fulgham chair, David Parnell, Tom White and Charles Caudell and they were looking for members of all races for the board.[40] The Center opened January 1975,[49] Brumm visited her family back in Iowa in February,[50] and the Center held an open house in March.[51]

An article in April also noted the area had only one other doctor than Dr. Brumm - a member of the First Baptist Church.[52] In another week it was announced there was a combo Bahá'í-Christian wedding of Carolyn Brumm and Angus McCormick.[53] She and her new family visited Iowa in August.[54] She was visible in a variety of social and service actions in the fall,[55] and hired another nurse in June.[56]

In addition to the deaths of registered Bahá'ís, another indication of local activity was the existence of the Pembroke College Bahá'í Club though its membership is currently unknown and was inactive as of December 1975.[57] At the same time a series of articles on the Bahá'í Faith by reporter Susan Prevatte interviewing/profiling Carolyn McCormick were published. McCormick noted her choice to move to the St. Pauls area supported her wish to homefront pioneer to promulgate the religion and also wanted to work with Indians. She had already been among Indians in the West and during a stay with Bahá'ís at the national center in Wilmette, Illinois, had heard of the Lumbee people and saw the opportunity through the federal program. During a visit she witnessed the racially integrated school which made her happy and became convinced she could serve this area. At the time of the interview she knew of three Bahá'ís in Pembroke and many more in Fairmont but had not contacted them. She also had a house guest of Mary Adams who had been a Bahá'í for eight years at that point.[58] One of the witnesses to their wedding was black and the family had reached out to have black guests in their home though McCormick did not see black people every day and felt the separation of the races in the area.[59] Between the two articles a variety of Bahá'í teachings and metaphors were reviewed. Following the pair of articles, the newspaper editor posted a commentary about reactions to the coverage saying in part:

"Several readers have expressed surprise at the publication last week of a series of articles about the Bahá'í religious faith, quoting one of its practitioners, a woman physician at St Pauls. One person suggested that inquiries be made about trouble associated with Baha'i activity in Dillon, SC area. Another person reminded that St. Pauls has long had the services of a medical doctor with more conventional religious views. …
But what would an inquire in the Dillon area reveal? A supposedly impartial resident of that area says the Baha'i faith (sic) there has been promoted mainly by a chiropractor and his wife, who are quite active, and have some followers, but fewer than there are in the western part of South Carolina. Several years ago, a Baha'i convention was held at a large house in the Dillon area, where the members of different races spent several days and nights (ed: smudged) cause much gossip, and it was said to have produced complaints to law enforcement officers who found no evidence top act upon.[60]

About the developments in South Carolina, see Bahá'í Faith in South Carolina.

In February 1976 Jane Failey (from UNC@ Chapel Hill), Jean Scales(from NCCU), Robert Roff, a chiropracter from Dillon, and a factory worker Don Erbe from South Carolina, gave talks at a Bahá'í conference held in St. Pauls.[61] Failey was among the women of the Faith who participated as part of the UN Tribune Committee for the International Women's Year UN conference in Mexico and was then an Auxiliary Board member for the religion.[62] In 1971 Scales had been chair of the Spiritual Assembly of Durham,[63] in January 1976 had finished a workshop held at the Louis Gregory Institute near Hemingway, South Carolina,[64] and would be appointed an Auxiliary Board member in the religion in 1985.[65] In April 1976 McCormick participated in preparations of the community in case of emergencies and other local activities,[66] as well as a visit to kin back in Iowa for a marriage.[67]

In 1977 there was an echo of an AP story on Bahá'ís held hostage at Bosch school.[68] Another occurred a month later via an echo of an AP story on Edi Amin in Uganda making several religions and denominations illegal including the Bahá'í Faith.[69] Finally news came in December 1977 that McCormick had moved to private practice.[70]

The represents the end of the available coverage of newspapers via newspapers.com as of 2018.

1980s[edit]

Starting in 1980 another collection comes online via The North Carolina Digital Heritage Center housed in the North Carolina Collection at UNC’s Wilson Special Collections Library. In particular it presents access to the Pembroke student newspaper, The Carolina Indian Voice. It begins in October with mention that Bahá'ís held "World Peace Day" on campus.[71]

There is a lot of coverage in the early 1980s and then a gap to 1987 and then again in 1994 before the archives go quiet again.

Greg Myers is mentioned in coverage of the 150 people attending the Bahá'í Summer School that had been held at Pembroke State University (PSU), as it is then called, in early July 1981.[72] Myers background in the Faith is not mentioned but Myers had come to PSU in 1980 serving in the Institutional Research department working with Title III funding under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act,[73] after earning a Bachelors of Arts from NC State in History in 1970 and a Masters of Arts from Ball State University in Education in 1972.[74] He was presently chair of the Marketing Studies Planning group of PSU staff.[75] Myers' son Vahid was born in July, 1980.[76] In the fall of 1980 Myers was part of a PSU program and conference for area superintendents, principles and guidance counselors giving a presentation on teacher development and evaluation.[77]

In December 1981 coverage of the persecution of Bahá'ís in Iran was presented via the Bahá'ís District Teaching Committee with contact of Anne Moshtael in Hamlet, North Carolina, and mention of Jean Scales chairing the committee.[78] A couple weeks later coverage of persecution returned,[79] and a third time in late January.[80] In March there was coverage of the Bahá'í practice of fasting - Robert Tansik was named as chair of the Regional Teaching Committee now and explaining the Bahá'í practice.[81] Coverage returns to the persecution in Iran with pleas in America to the government,[82] and a week later there is a comparison of Confucius and Bahá’u’lláh on various teachings published in The Carolina Indian Voice.[83]

A poem by Serena G Mills about a loved connection to the Bahá'í Faith is published April 1 1982,[84] and the topic of persecution in Iran again in May.[85]

A series of articles covering the Bahá'ís sponsoring of Race Unity Day comes next in the summer of 1982. It begins with a mention of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) model of federated unity. The first article doesn’t say where the meeting was going to be but it featured local well known historian Lew Barton,[86] one of the regions "five most influential Lumbee"[87] and a "Tarheel of the Week" in 1970.[88] Barton produced various publications from the 1960s.[89] Info on the meeting is published a week later, sponsored by Bahá'ís of Pembroke.[90] Coverage of the persecution in Iran ran the same day.[91] It was announced the Bahá'í Club of Pembroke was sponsoring the Race Unity Day meeting and Greg Myers was the club advisor.[92] Then came the news that Lew Barton was going to Baltimore to speak at a race unity event and staying with Mr. and Mrs. Earl Brooks.[93] The Brooks, at least Earl C., was from Pembroke[94] and active in Indian culture issues.[95][96] In late July there was followup coverage from Lew Barton and the Baltimore Bahá'ís in The Carolina Indian Voice.[97]

The earlier July 1982 Bahá'í Summer School at PSU had faculty Jack McCants, William Roberts, Benjamin Kaufman, Doug Ruhe, and Wanda Failey.[98] There was following commentary in August.[99] In late August there was a chance to review congressional testimony on persecution of Baha’is in Iran written by Earl Brooks.[100] A review of Indian prophecy and the Bahá'ís followed in September.[101] Then came notice that the Bahá'ís were observing Peace Day.[102] In November the Bahá'ís of Hamlet, via Greg Myers, expressed their thanks for the coverage given in The Carolina Indian Voice.[103] In a few years Myers was pioneering in Papua New Guinea and then Micronesia before eventually coming to work back in Greensboro.[74]

In January The Carolina Indian Voice again mentioned the Bahá'ís in Baltimore presenting on Native American prophecies. Elaine Hopson from New York gave a talk at the Center. She had joined the Faith in Tacoma Washington.[104] A profile of the Baltimore event was published in Pembroke a week later,[105] and repeated again.[106]

In July 1983 the Bahá'í Summer School was held at PSU.[107] And a profile of Magdalen Carney promoted as a Counsellor among the Bahá'ís was published.[108] That coverage ended the series of available articles that had run since 1980.

After several years of no mention the Bahá'í observation of the 75th anniversary of `Abdu’l-Bahá in America came in 1987.[109]

Some years later an article noted Carolyn B McCormick was among the Southeastern Regional Medical Center staff in 1994.[110] Otherwise there is a scarcity of sources and mentions for the 1990s.

2000s[edit]

In 2010 McCormick joined in an open letter of primary care physicians advocating for a stronger reflection of patient-centered metrics in a reporting scheme.[111]

In 2011 Lumberton resident and blogger Andrew Bowen, religious studies major, covered the religion in his "Project Conversion" website as reported in the Huffington Post.[112] He had "a mentor" for each religion he covered and for the Bahá'í Faith he worked with McCormick.[113]

McCormick announced she was going to retire from medical practice in 2009 because of malpractice insurance costs.[114] She did not retire long however. In 2015 she also posted in a doctors discussion forum discussing physician suicides and poor relations in medical care.[42] She has a registered practice in Lumberton, at the age of 71 as of 2018.[115]

See also[edit]

The Sadgwars, the Bahá'í Faith and Wilmington, NC

References[edit]

  1. ↑ Democratic arguments, The Wilmington Post (Wilmington, North Carolina)03 Sep 1868, Thu • Page 2
  2. ↑ "Race Unity". Baha'i News. Nov 1941. p. 5. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  3. ↑ * "Around the World with Bahá'í Youth" (PDF). Bahá’í World. Vol. 9. Baha'i Publishing Trust. 1981 [1945]. pp. 529–30.
    • Mathias, Louise B., ed. (1999) [1984]. From Copper to Gold: The Life of Dorothy Baker. Bahá’í Publishing Trust, USA. p. 320, 420. ISBN 0853981779.
  4. ↑ "Current Bahá'í activities (1943-1944)" (PDF). Bahá’í World. Vol. 9. Baha'i Publishing Trust. 1981 [1945]. p. 71.
  5. ↑ "Mrs Baker to speak at Austin Peay". The Leaf-Chronicle. Clarksville, TN. 15 Jan 1942. p. 1. Retrieved Sep 16, 2018.
  6. ↑ "Guest speaker at MSC Monday". Hattiesburg American. Hattiesburg, MS. 22 Jan 1942. p. 9. Retrieved Sep 16, 2018.
  7. ↑ "Army press leader is college speaker". The Anniston Star. Anniston, AL. 25 Jan 1942. p. 13. Retrieved Sep 16, 2018.
  8. ↑ "Baha'i leader coming here for lectures". The Tennessean. Nashville, TN. 13 Feb 1942. p. 9. Retrieved Sep 16, 2018.
  9. ↑ "History". University of North Carolina at Pembroke. 2018. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 imatarheel (9 Mar 2012). "Dr Owens Hand Browne". findagrave.com. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  11. ↑ Mrs MN Folger (20 Jan 1942). "Pembroke News; A Red Cross rally…". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. p. 3. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  12. ↑ "University of North Carolina at Pembroke". Wikipedia. 2018. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  13. ↑ Oxendine, Clifton (Jan 1945). "Pembroke State College for Indians - historical sketch". North Carolina Historical Review. Raleigh NC: State Department of Archives and History. 22 (1): 30. JSTOR 23515060. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  14. ↑ "UNCP Leadership The University of North Carolina at Pembroke Chief Executives". UNC Pembroke. 2018. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  15. ↑ "Bible school next week at Berea Church". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 10 May 1939. p. 4. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  16. ↑ "Pembroke News; The Woman's Missionary Society…". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 2 Dec 1941. p. 2. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  17. ↑ "Manual arts is topic of Indian schoolmasters". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 25 Mar 1942. p. 3. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  18. ↑ "Booker T & WEB, the debate between WEB DuBois and Booker T Washington". Frontline. WGBH. 2014. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  19. ↑ "Travelers enroute to Cuba visit here". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. Feb 14, 1950. p. 7. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  20. ↑ "Presbyterian". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 9 Jun 1949. p. 1. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  21. ↑ "Presbyterian religious education building to be completed by Sept 1". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 24 Jun 1949. p. 2. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  22. ↑ * "Magazine to feature school's project; East Lumberton School has wildlife exhibit". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 20 Mar 1950. p. 5. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  23. ↑ "Church women have 38th annual birthday party". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 24 May 1950. p. 3. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  24. ↑ "Concert campaign extended until Friday in city". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 1 Nov 1950. p. 1. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  25. ↑ * "Dinner meeting to open Robeson Concert Campaign". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 27 Apr 1951. p. 1. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  26. ↑ "Baha'i in the news; The Laurinburg, North Carolina…". Baha'i News. No. 447. June 1968. p. 9. Retrieved Sep 12, 2018.
  27. ↑ * Dick Sinnott (15 Jun 1956). "Tapr artists slated to appear at third annual jazz festival". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. p. 6. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  28. ↑ Brown, Claude (1980-02-03). "In Love With the Trumpet; Dizzy Author's Query". New York Times. p. BR4. At 16, the future father of bebop entered Laurinburg Institute... In 1935 he left Laurinburg Institute and joined his family at their new home...
  29. ↑ "Goal cities and towns for the establishment of new Baha'i localities; Southern States; North Carolina". National Bahá'í Review. No. 12. Dec 1968. p. 8. Retrieved Sep 12, 2018.
  30. ↑ "Goal cities and towns for the establishment of new Baha'i localities; Southern States; North Carolina". National Bahá'í Review. No. 15. Mar 1969. p. 10. Retrieved Sep 12, 2018.
  31. ↑ * "In Memoriam". National Baha'i Review. No. 9. Jan 1972. p. 6. Retrieved Sep 12, 2018.
  32. ↑ "Roosevelt Smith". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 22 Sep 1971. p. 2. Retrieved Sep 12, 2018.
  33. ↑ "Trip to Alaska to bring mom, son together". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 27 May 1970. p. 8. Retrieved Sep 12, 2018.
  34. ↑ "Trip to middle east". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. Feb 13, 1972. p. 6. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  35. ↑ ""Alaska" from the chronology". Bahai-library.com. 2018. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  36. ↑ "In Memoriam". National Baha'i Review. No. 64–5. May 1973. p. 7. Retrieved Sep 12, 2018.
  37. ↑ Mary Campbell (Jun 20, 1973). "Seals & Crofts proclaim Baha'i Faith". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. p. 7. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  38. ↑ "In Memoriam (continued)". National Baha'i Review. No. 79. Aug 1974. p. 6. Retrieved Sep 12, 2018.
  39. ↑ "St Pauls gets new Health Center chief". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 25 Oct 1974. p. 2. Retrieved Sep 14, 2018.
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 Mabel MacDonald (29 Dec 1974). "Iowa physician's interest results in Health Center". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. p. 12. Retrieved Sep 14, 2018.
  41. ↑ "2236 degrees granted at University of Iowa". Sioux City Journal. Sioux City, IA. 8 Jun 1968. p. 12. Retrieved Sep 14, 2018.
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 42.2 42.3 See comments added to discussion at "Assisted Physician Suicide: Are Doctors Killing Doctors?". Pamela Wible. February 9, 2015. Retrieved Sep 15, 2018.
  43. ↑ "Sisters could staff own medical clinic". Iowa City Press-Citizen. Iowa City, IA. 25 May 1972. p. 5. Retrieved Sep 14, 2018.
  44. ↑ "Where Iowa graduates go". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, IA. 20 Aug 1972. p. 28. Retrieved Sep 14, 2018.
  45. ↑ "Lamp Unto My Feet". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, IA. 30 Jun 1968. p. 45. Retrieved Sep 14, 2018.
  46. ↑ Dave Meade (11 Sep 1968). "A Baha'i Reminder as followers ponder human rights; 'racial problems symptoms of deep spiritual diseases'". Des Moines Tribune. Des Moines, IA. p. 12. Retrieved Sep 14, 2018.
  47. ↑ "Health Center for St Pauls". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 6 Nov 1974. p. 6. Retrieved Sep 14, 2018.
  48. ↑ * "From left are…". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 17 Dec 1974. p. 2. Retrieved Sep 14, 2018.
  49. ↑ "Health Center opens to St Pauls public". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 8 Jan 1975. p. 3. Retrieved Sep 14, 2018.
  50. ↑ "Weekend visitors…". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 23 Feb 1975. p. 17. Retrieved Sep 14, 2018.
  51. ↑ Mabel McDonald (10 Mar 1975). "St Pauls Center proud of success". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. p. 9. Retrieved Sep 14, 2018.
  52. ↑ "St Pauls doctor honored". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 17 Apr 1975. p. 2. Retrieved Sep 14, 2018.
  53. ↑ "McCormick-Brumm vows exchanged in St Pauls". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. Apr 21, 1975. p. 5. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  54. ↑ * "Mr and Mrs Angus McCormick…". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 5 Aug 1975. p. 4. Retrieved Sep 14, 2018.
  55. ↑ * "Physician is honored in St Pauls". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 25 Sep 1975. p. 5. Retrieved Sep 12, 2018.
  56. ↑ "Nurse joins Center". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 16 Jun 1975. p. 6. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  57. ↑ "Status of college clubs in the United States; North Carolina". National Bahá'í Review. No. 95. Dec 1975. pp. 5, 7. Retrieved Sep 12, 2018.
  58. ↑ Susan Prevatte (Dec 15, 1975). "St Pauls doctor spreads Faith". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. p. 9. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  59. ↑ Susan Prevatte (Dec 16, 1975). "Baha'is see future in unity of world". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. p. 8. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  60. ↑ "Unfamiliar doctrine". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. Dec 21, 1975. p. 13. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  61. ↑ "Baha'i conference set for St Pauls". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. Feb 11, 1976. p. 9. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  62. ↑ "International women's year Tribune delegates". Baha'i News. Sep 1975. p. 7. Retrieved Sep 15, 2018.
  63. ↑ * "Baha'is plan Human Rights Day program". The Carolina Times. Durham, NC. Dec 11, 1971. p. 1. Retrieved Sep 15, 2018.
    • "(continued)". The Carolina Times. Durham, NC. Dec 11, 1971. p. 11. Retrieved Sep 15, 2018.
  64. ↑ "Durhamites attend Baha'i workshop in Hemingway". The Carolina Times. Durham, NC. Jan 31, 1976. p. 8. Retrieved Sep 15, 2018.
  65. ↑ "Excellence in all things". The American Bahá'í. Vol. 21, no. 9. Sep 1990. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  66. ↑ * "Disaster procedure directed by expert for local units". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 1 Apr 1976. p. 13. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  67. ↑ "Dr Carolyn McCormick". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 10 Aug 1977. p. 23. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  68. ↑ Peter H King (Aug 18, 1977). "Gunman surrenders after holding 63 as hostages,". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. p. 1,D2. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  69. ↑ "Amin ousts religious groups from Uganda". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. Sep 21, 1977. p. 26. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  70. ↑ "Dr Carolyn McCormick…". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 14 Dec 1977. p. 29. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  71. ↑ "World Peace Day observed". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. Oct 2, 1980. p. 7. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  72. ↑ "NC Baha'i Faith have summer school at PSU". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. July 23, 1981. p. 8. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  73. ↑ "Institutional Research a strong department". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, NC. Mar 27, 1980. p. 10. Retrieved Sep 16, 2018.
  74. ↑ 74.0 74.1 "Greg Myers Executive Director of Institutional Effectiveness at Bennett College". Linkedin.com. 2018. Retrieved Sep 16, 2018.
  75. ↑ "Marketing studies planning underway". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, NC. June 5, 1980. p. 3. Retrieved Sep 16, 2018.
  76. ↑ "Greg Myers is proud poppa". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, NC. July 24, 1980. p. 9. Retrieved Sep 16, 2018.
  77. ↑ "Area school officials' conference slated". The news-journal. Raeford, NC. September 18, 1980. p. 9. Retrieved Sep 16, 2018.
  78. ↑ "Baha'i Faith persecuted in Iran". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. Dec 24, 1981. p. 2. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  79. ↑ "Baha'is suffer continuing persecution". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. Jan 7, 1982. p. 5. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  80. ↑ "Baha'is executed in Iran". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. Jan 21, 1982. p. 6. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  81. ↑ "Baha'is observing 19 day fasting period". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. Mar 11, 1982. p. 4. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  82. ↑ "Baha'is appeal for help". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. Mar 18, 1982. p. 10. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  83. ↑ "The reality of man". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. Mar 25, 1982. p. 3. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  84. ↑ Serena G Mills (Apr 1, 1982). "If summer comes… poetry corner". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. p. 7. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  85. ↑ "Baha'i persecutions continue". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. May 20, 1982. p. 7. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  86. ↑ "Lew Barton to speak on Race Unity Day". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. June 3, 1982. p. 1. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  87. ↑ "Five most influential Lumbee". thecenterforlumbeestudies.org. August 28, 2013. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  88. ↑ "Timely Citation". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 25 Oct 1970. p. 8. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  89. ↑ Glenn Ellen Star Stilling (2012). "Lew Barton, The Lumbee Indians, an annotated bibliography". Appalachian State University. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  90. ↑ "Race Unity Day June 13 in Pembroke Town Park". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. June 10, 1982. p. 2. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  91. ↑ "Baha'is appear to state officials for relief". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. June 10, 1982. p. 6. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  92. ↑ "Baha'i lunch scheduled Sunday at Town park". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. June 10, 1982. p. 9. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  93. ↑ "Barton to speak at Race Unity Day in Baltimore". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. June 10, 1982. p. 1. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  94. ↑ "At Fort Campbell". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. 23 Feb 1955. p. 10. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  95. ↑ * Frances Dietrich (31 Jan 1975). "Fascinating fabrics; felt made by pressing fibers together". The Baltimore Sun. Baltimore, MD. p. 18. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  96. ↑ IWPP Custodial Account; International Wargraves Photography Project (1 Jul 2011). "Earl C Brooks". findagrave.com. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  97. ↑ Earl C Brooks (July 29, 1982). "Lew Barton addresses Baltimore City Baha'is" (PDF). The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. p. 5. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  98. ↑ "Baha'is plan summer school at PSU". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. July 8, 1982. p. 4. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  99. ↑ "Baha's (sic) gather at PSU". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. Aug 5, 1982. p. 6. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  100. ↑ Earl C Brooks (Aug 19, 1982). "Congress hears Bahai (sic) testimony on Iran persecution" (PDF). The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. p. 6. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  101. ↑ Earl C Brooks (Sep 9, 1982). "Indian prophecy and the Baha'i Faith" (PDF). The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. p. 8. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  102. ↑ "Baha'is of the Carolinas observe Peace Day". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. Sep 23, 1982. p. 9. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  103. ↑ Greg Myers for Baha'is of Hamlet (Nov 4, 1982). "Thanks from the Baha'i community". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. p. 2. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  104. ↑ "Native American religions and prophecies". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. Jan 27, 1983. p. 8. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  105. ↑ "Baltimore Baha's(sic) gather". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. Feb 3, 1983. p. 7. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  106. ↑ "Baha'is in Baltimore hear of Native American religions and prophecies". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. Feb 10, 1983. p. 9. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  107. ↑ "Baha'is gather at PSU to protest violence". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. July 14, 1983. p. 7. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  108. ↑ "Baha'is gather at PSU to protest violence". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. July 14, 1983. p. 7. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  109. ↑ "Baha'is to commemorate 75th anniversary". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. June 25, 1987. p. 7. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  110. ↑ * "Southeastern Regional Medical Center". The Carolina Indian Voice. Pembroke, N.C. Jan 12, 1994. p. 3. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  111. ↑ Moore, L Gordon (February 27, 2010). "Open letter to the NCQA regarding their PCMH (Patient Centered Medical Home) measure set". Ideal Medical Practices. Retrieved Sep 15, 2018.
  112. ↑ Amanda Greene (April 15, 2012). "Andrew Bowen, Man Who Spends 12 Months Practicing 12 Different Religions, Finds Peace". Huffington Post. Retrieved Sep 13, 2018.
  113. ↑ Andrew Bowen (2011). "Category Archives: Baha'i". projectconversion.com. Retrieved Sep 11, 2018.
  114. ↑ "Lumberton Doctor quite, cites rising insurance costs". The Robesonian. Lumberton, NC. July 23, 2015 [Jan 15, 2009]. Archived from the original on Sep 15, 2018. Retrieved Sep 15, 2018.
  115. ↑ "Dr. Carolyn Brumm McCormick, MD NPI 1417917311". HealthProvidersData.com. Aug 9, 2018. Retrieved Sep 15, 2018.
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