1993
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1993 was a common year of the Gregorian calendar, the 1993rd year of the Common Era (CE), the 93rd year of the 20th century, and the 4th year of the 1990s decade. 1993 corresponds to the years 149–150 of the Bahá'í Era (BE) according to the Badi calendar.
Divine Plan[edit]
- The Universal House of Justice launches the Three Year Plan (1993–1996).
Events[edit]
- March 21: The Kitáb-i-Aqdas is released in English with commentary.
- April: The Seventh International Convention takes place at the Bahá'í World Center. Farzam Arbab is elected to serve on the Universal House of Justice.
Persecution of Bahá’ís in Iran[edit]
- July 22: The Bahá’í community of France accuses officials in Tehran of razing an historic Bahá’í cemetery. A US State Department report confirms this, noting that a cultural center was built on the site.[1]
- September: An Islamic judge announces that he has found two brothers guilty of abducting and burning a Bahá’í man to death. However, the judge does not sentence them to jail nor does he award the dead man's family the traditional blood money as compensation, because the murderers are Muslims and the victim was a member of the "heretical" Bahá’í sect.[1]
- October 24: The Iranian parliament outlaws membership in religious cults and freemasonry groups, an action apparently intended as a reference to the Bahá’í Faith.[1]
- December 24: During a Friday prayer sermon, an Iranian ayatollah told worshipers that a senior nineteenth century Shi’i cleric considered killing Bahá’ís part of his day to day activities.[1]
Establishments[edit]
Local Spiritual Assemblies[edit]
Europe[edit]
- Tbilisi, Georgia (re-established after hiatus).[2]
- Leipzig, Germany (re-established after hiatus).[3]
Social & Economic Development[edit]
Schools[edit]
- Banani International School, founded in Zambia.[6]
Deaths[edit]
- Katherine McLaughlin, long serving Auxiliary Board member for the Americas.
- January 1: Roan Orloff Stone, co-founder of Bahaa Esperanto-Liggo, an international organization for Bahá’í Esperantists.
- January 6: Dizzy Gillespie, prominent Americna Jazz trumpeter who was a Bahá’í.
- January 15: Antonina Apollo early Estonian Bahá’í.
- February 22: Chellie Sundram, Singaporean Bahá’í who served on the National Spiritual Assembly of Malaysia and as a Continental Counselor.
- March 7: Rowland Estall, English-Canadian Bahá’í who served on the National Spiritual Assembly of Canada and as a Continental Counselor.
- March 19: Valera Allen, Knight of Bahá’u’lláh named for pioneering to Swaziland.
- April 10: John Long, English Bahá’í who served on the National Spiritual Assembly of the British Isles.
- April 10: Roger White, Canadian Bahá’í poet who served in the Holy Land for many years and was personal secretary to William Sears.
- June 5: Gertrude Blum, Knight of Bahá’u’lláh named for pioneering to the Solomon Islands.
- June 26: Johannes Palu, the first Estonian Bahá’í.
- August 25: Ellen Sims, American Bahá’í who pioneered to South America where she served as a National Spiritual Assembly member.
- October 1: Valerie Wilson, American Bahá’í who pioneered to Africa where she served as an Auxiliary Board member.
- October 10: Leonard Chiposi, Zimbabwean Bahá’í who served on the National Spiritual Assembly of Zimbabwe.
- October 16: Marzieh Gail, Persian-American Bahá’í author.
Publications[edit]
Books[edit]
- Proofs from the Holy Qur'án Regarding the Advent of Bahá'u'lláh by Sábir Afáqi.[7]
- The Vision of Shoghi Effendi: Proceedings of the Association for Bahá’í Studies 9th Annual Conference published by the Association for Bahá’í Studies.
- From Vision to Victory: Thirty Years of the Universal House of Justice by Eunice Braun.
- Light After Death: A Comparison of the Near Death Experience and the Teachings of the Bahá’í Faith on Life After Death by Alan Bryson.
- The Chinese Religion and the Bahá’í Faith by Phyllis Chew.
- Ásíyih Khánum: The Most Exalted Leaf entitled Navváb by Baharieh Rouhani Ma'ani.
- Fires in Many Hearts by Doris McKay with Paul Vreeland.
- The Challenge of Bahá’u’lláh by Gary L. Matthews.
- Distinctive Aspects of Bahá’í Education: Proceedings of the 3rd Symposium on Bahá’í Education by Hooshang Nikjoo and Stephen Vickers.
- The Quest by Gail Radley.
- Olya's Story: A Survivor's Dramatic Account of the Persecution of the Bahá’ís in Revolutionary Iran by Olya Roohizadegan.
- Robe of Light by David Ruhe.
- Racial Unity, 2nd edition, by Richard W. Thomas.
- Mirror of the Divine: Art in the Bahá’í World Community by Ludwig Tuman.
Albums[edit]
- Favorite Sing Along Songs by Red Grammer.[8]
- Free Falling by Red Grammer.[9]
- O Most Mighty Ocean by Caroline Mackay.[10]
- The Call of the Nightingale by Moon Milne.[11]
Videos[edit]
- Approach to a Sacred Place: The Art of Otto Donald Rogers released by Westwind Pictures.[12]
- Time to Serve: The Bahá’í Youth Year of Service Experience released by the National Spiritual Assembly of the United States.[13]
References[edit]
- Publications listed in Jan Jasion's George Ronald: A Bibliographic History, accessed online April 30, 2019.
- Publications listed in Selected New Publications, Bahá’í World: Vol. 22, pp 333-336
Notes[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Minorities at Risk Project, Chronology for Baha'is in Iran, 2004, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/469f38a3c.html [accessed 31 March 2019]
- ↑ The Bahá’í World, An International Record. (1994). Bahá’í World Centre. Haifa. Volume 22 (1993-1994), Pg(s) 82. View as PDF.
- ↑ The Bahá’í World, An International Record. (1994). Bahá’í World Centre. Haifa. Volume 22 (1993-1994), Pg(s) 82. View as PDF.
- ↑ https://www.baseduk.org/based-uk-reporting-for-the-annual-report-of-the-national-spiritual-assembly-177-b-e/
- ↑ http://www.mongoliadevelopment.org/
- ↑ https://bananischool.org/about-banani/
- ↑ https://bahai-library.com/afaqi_proofs_quran_bahaullah
- ↑ https://bahaimusicstore.com/red-grammer-favorite-sing-along-songs
- ↑ https://bahaimusicstore.com/red-grammer-free-falling
- ↑ https://9starmedia.com/caroline-mackay-o-most-mighty-ocean
- ↑ https://9starmedia.com/moon-milne-the-call-of-the-nightingale
- ↑ https://bahaimusicstore.com/otto-donald-rogers-approach-to-a-sacred-place
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v0CR0HKuO-s&ab_channel=Baha%27iVision
