Turkistan
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Turkistan (also spelled Turkestan) is a region in Central Asia lying between the Caspian Sea to the west, Siberia to the north, the Gobi Desert to the east, and Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Tibet to the south. Lying on the Silk Road, it has been invaded and controlled by numerous groups and kingdoms.
It can be divided into two major regions, East Turkistan and West Turkistan. The region is now split between several modern countries: East Turkistan was divided between Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. West Turkistan became Xinjiang Uyghur and autonomous region of China.